An automated irrigation controller a farmer can operate from any mobile phone. Soil and reservoir sensors feed a microcontroller; a GSM module carries commands and readings over SMS so the field is managed remotely, precisely, and with far less water waste.
Traditional farmer-managed irrigation waters land at fixed intervals often too much, sometimes too late, leaving crops dried out. Water is the scarcest and most under-managed input on a farm, and a person has to be on site to monitor soil moisture around the clock.
Most shortfalls in yield trace back to human error: workers neglecting duties across large areas of land. Automating and remotely accessing the irrigation system removes that dependency more consistent watering, fewer hands on the farm, less theft, and higher, more economical yield.
Move the field sensors and text commands to the controller the way a farmer would. The board reads each sensor against its limit and drives a single relay — this schematic runs the real firmware logic.
Logic (from firmware): temperature > limit → relay ON · water level > limit → relay OFF · moisture < limit → relay ON. Later rules take priority. Commands are wrapped @…# and sent over SMS.
The ATmega32 acts as the brain: it takes input from the sensors, runs the control logic stored in its ROM, and drives the outputs. The GSM module bridges it to the farmer's phone over the cellular network.
Measures moisture via soil resistivity, converted to a digital reading.
Reports soil/ambient temperature to time watering correctly.
Tracks the reservoir so the pump refills before it runs dry.
Sends and receives SMS commands over the cellular network at 9600 bps.
Relay-driven pumps water the crop and refill the reservoir.
Shows live readings on the controller for on-site checks.